Bonjour
J'ai finalement trouvé sur internet ce que je cherchais.
La compartimentation, CODIT en anglais, tel que mentionné par ARBOLAB, est la méthode que l'arbre applique pour éviter sa détérioration et refermer ces blessures.
Il est clair que le délai nécessaire à ce processus et les attaques des différent pathogènes entrainent généralement une détérioration du cœur de l'arbre.
J'ai trouvé une documentation intéressante et qui traite entre autres des traitements potentiels et de leurs résultats.
Comme ARBOLAB l'indique, Il est évident que tout traitement sur une base commerciale n'est pas suggéré puisque leurs avantages est de courtes durées, sinon inutile.
Les études allemandes semblent montrer un avantage mais pas celles en Amériques du Nord.
Mais ils indiquent que l'application d'un fongicide peut être utile, mais à recommencer régulièrement. Alors si c'est un arbre que vous apprécié grandement...
Voici l'information trouvé:
Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data
Zeglen, Stefan.
Tree wounding and partial-cut harvesting : a
literature review for British Columbia
(Pest management report ; no. 14)
‘‘Intended to complement the Forest Practices Code
Tree wounding and decay guidebook.’’ — Preface.
Includes bibliographical references: p.
ISBN 0-7726-3206-5
http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/docs/sil/sil391.pdf5.9 Wound Dressings
Because the consequences of wounding are often severe, it is not surprising that
foresters have looked to other professionals for potential remedies. Horticulturists
and urban foresters have used wound dressings for years even if this may be, as
suggested by Shigo and Shortle (1983), ‘‘for cosmetic reasons.’’
Most commonly available wound dressings have either an asphalt, latex, or
shellac base. Some may incorporate fungicides in their formulation, but most do not
(Mercer 1983). In vitro tests of asphalt paints show they are not fungitoxic nor do
they provide even a mechanical barrier to several wood decay fungi. Only with the
addition of fungicides such as copper naphthenate will asphalt paints inhibit fungal
growth and provide a mechanical barrier (Dooley 1980). In a study on living trees,
several asphalt paint formulations and orange shellac failed to provide long-term
protection against discoloration and infection by decay fungi (Shigo and Shortle
1983).
Asphalt-based wound dressings fail to provide long-term protection from decay
fungi because with age, wound dressings tend to split and crack allowing the entry
of decay organisms (Clifford et al. 1987; Biggs and Peterson 1990). Another reason
for failure is that withdrawal of water and nutrients from the wood beneath the
wound surface cause a negative pressure that draws fungal spores on or near the
wound surface into the damaged wood (Lonsdale 1984). This might suggest that
wound dressings containing systemic fungicides may provide more long-lasting
results, but this is not the case. Studies of latex wound dressings and dressings
containing systemic fungicides such as tridemifon show that these materials provide
only 12 months’ protection at best (Mercer et al. 1983; Clifford et al. 1987).
In Europe, wound dressings are currently used to treat trees damaged during
harvest (Dimitri 1983; Kallio 1983). Products registered in Germany include
‘‘Drawipas,’’ ‘‘Lac Balsam,’’ and ‘‘Silvisan’’ (Dimitri 1983). Lac Balsam is a latex
paint; Silvisan is a latex paint containing the fungicides copper naphthenate and
pentachlorophenol (Mercer 1983); Drawipas contains the fungicides thiabendazole
and captofol (Schumann 1985). Both Lac Balsam and Silvisan were effective for no
more than one year in studies on pruning wounds (Mercer et al. 1983; Clifford et al.
1987). In a German study, wounds were cleaned with a special scribing knife, an
axe, or left uncleaned and painted with either Drawipas, Lac Balsam, or Silvisan
(Schumann 1985). Discoloration, indicative of decay, was observed on 38% of
scribed wounds, 69% of wounds cleaned with an axe, and 60% of uncleaned
wounds. No significant difference existed between the wound dressings. These
differences suggest that treatment benefits do not outweigh application costs.
6. Do commercial tree paints or chemical treatments provide effective, post-wound
protection? For how long? Are they cost-effective for forestry operations?
Wounds are long-term events in the lives of trees. Wounds may remain open up to
fifteen years after they were made. Studies show that the most effective wound
dressing, even those containing systemic fungicides, provide at best only 12
months’ protection. This may be due to cracking and peeling or other factors.
German studies suggest application of wound dressing may be cost-effective,
but this finding is hard to accept considering that incidence of decay is only reduced
and not eliminated. In North America, researchers working with decay fungi do not
recommend the use of wound dressings.